Block Diagram Of Software Radio Receiver

Block Diagram Of Software Radio Receiver

Block Diagram Of Software Radio Receiver --->>> https://bltlly.com/2sY8tQ

Software Defined Radio Includes: SDR basics SDR hardware architecture How to buy the best SDR The hardware for a software defined radio is a particularly important element of the overall design. While the whole idea of the radio is that it is fundamentally driven by software, it still needs the basic hardware to enable the software to run.

the software defined radio hardware presents some interesting challenges to the hardware development engineer. The performance of the hardware will define exactly how much can be done within the software.

Although there are many different levels of SDR and many ways in which a software defined radio may be designed, it possible to give some generalised comments about the basic structures that are used.

The figure-2 and figure-3 depicts analog radio receiver and SDR receiver block diagrams respectively.Let us understand difference between receivers of traditional radio and software defined radio architectures.

The beauty to have software baseband processing chain on DSP/FPGA will help incorrecting realtime baseband and RF related impairments present in I/Q data with the use ofadvanced algorithms.Typically algorithms such as DC offset correction, I/Q gain and phase imbalance correction,time, frequency and channel impairment correction are implemeted in SDR receiver.

KiwiSDR is a software-defined radio (SDR) covering shortwave, the longwave & AM broadcast bands, various utility stations, and amateur radio transmissions, world-wide, in the spectrum from 10 kHz to 30 MHz. The KiwiSDR is a custom circuit board (cape) you connect to the BeagleBone Green or BeagleBone Black computer. You simply add an antenna, power supply and network connection.

Software Defined Radio (SDR) should not be confused with Software Controlled Radio.Software Controlled Radio is radio in which some or all the physical layer functions are controlled by software. Which means it is like a traditional radio, but with software controllability of the exciting hardware. On the other hand, in Software Defined Radio, most of the hardware components exciting in traditional radios are replaced by software methods and therefore it is very different from Software Controlled Radio.

Superheterodyne: A superheterodynereceiver (superhet) is a type of radio receiver that uses frequency mixing toconvert a received signal to a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) which can bemore easily processed than the original carrier frequency. The traditionalsuperhetrodyne radio works using conventional radio components rather thansoftware.

A basic superheterodyne starts with the antennaconnected to an RF amplifier, which amplifies the very weak signals picked upby the antenna. Some high-end radios put bandpass filters between the antennaand RF amplifier to block strong out-of-band signals. It mixes the incomingsignal with a single frequency from the local oscillator to convert the signalsto a new frequency.

Next comes the demodulator. This could be for amplitudemodulation (AM), single sideband (SSB), frequency modulation (FM), or any othermode. It is also possible to switch between different demodulators according tothe mode being received. The final component in the superheterodyne receiverblock diagram is an audio amplifier.

Direct Sampling SDR: Witha software-defined receiver (SDR), all of the radio control is done viasoftware. Functions such as changing frequency, electing filters, and changing bandsare no longer done by the radio hardware itself. The hardware becomes lesscomplex due to the elimination of circuits that would normally be in atraditional superhet radio. With digital circuitry, you reduce noise,distortion, and signal loss found in each successive stage of asuperheterodyne. The picture below shows a block diagram of an SDR radio.

Because frequency conversion is not required, theoverall design of a direct RF-sampling receiver is much simpler in comparisonto a superheterodyne receiver. The ADC essentially replaces the mixer,oscillator, and the entire IF signal chain found in superheterodyneconfigurations. Because they have fewer components, direct RF-samplingreceivers can be built into more compact radios.

Hybrids: A hybrid SDR is a radio system that uses a combination of conventional analog components as well as software and digital technologies to process a radio signal. The picture below shows a block diagram of a hybrid radio, the Yaesu FTDX10.

In radio communications, a radio receiver, also known as a receiver, a wireless, or simply a radio, is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form. It is used with an antenna. The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves of radio frequency) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information. The receiver uses electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for further processing, and finally recovers the desired information through demodulation.

Radio receivers are essential components of all systems that use radio. The information produced by the receiver may be in the form of sound, video (television), or digital data.[1] A radio receiver may be a separate piece of electronic equipment, or an electronic circuit within another device. The most familiar type of radio receiver for most people is a broadcast radio receiver, which reproduces sound transmitted by radio broadcasting stations, historically the first mass-market radio application. A broadcast receiver is commonly called a "radio". However radio receivers are very widely used in other areas of modern technology, in televisions, cell phones, wireless modems, radio clocks and other components of communications, remote control, and wireless networking systems.

The most familiar form of radio receiver is a broadcast receiver, often just called a radio, which receives audio programs intended for public reception transmitted by local radio stations. The sound is reproduced either by a loudspeaker in the radio or an earphone which plugs into a jack on the radio. The radio requires electric power, provided either by batteries inside the radio or a power cord which plugs into an electric outlet. All radios have a volume control to adjust the loudness of the audio, and some type of "tuning" control to select the radio station to be received.

FM stereo radio stations broadcast in stereophonic sound (stereo), transmitting two sound channels representing left and right microphones. A stereo receiver contains the additional circuits and parallel signal paths to reproduce the two separate channels. A monaural receiver, in contrast, only receives a single audio channel that is a combination (sum) of the left and right channels.[2][3][4] While AM stereo transmitters and receivers exist, they have not achieved the popularity of FM stereo.

Digital audio broadcasting (DAB) is an advanced radio technology which debuted in some countries in 1998 that transmits audio from terrestrial radio stations as a digital signal rather than an analog signal as AM and FM do. Its advantages are that DAB has the potential to provide higher quality sound than FM (although many stations do not choose to transmit at such high quality), has greater immunity to radio noise and interference, makes better use of scarce radio spectrum bandwidth, and provides advanced user features such as electronic program guide, sports commentaries, and image slideshows. Its disadvantage is that it is incompatible with previous radios so that a new DAB receiver must be purchased. As of 2017, 38 countries offer DAB, with 2,100 stations serving listening areas containing 420 million people. The United States and Canada have chosen not to implement DAB.

Radio receivers are essential components of all systems that use radio. Besides the broadcast receivers described above, radio receivers are used in a huge variety of electronic systems in modern technology. They can be a separate piece of equipment (a radio), or a subsystem incorporated into other electronic devices. A transceiver is a transmitter and receiver combined in one unit. Below is a list of a few of the most common types, organized by function.

A radio receiver is connected to an antenna which converts some of the energy from the incoming radio wave into a tiny radio frequency AC voltage which is applied to the receiver's input. An antenna typically consists of an arrangement of metal conductors. The oscillating electric and magnetic fields of the radio wave push the electrons in the antenna back and forth, creating an oscillating voltage.

The antenna may be enclosed inside the receiver's case, as with the ferrite loop antennas of AM radios and the flat inverted F antenna of cell phones; attached to the outside of the receiver, as with whip antennas used on FM radios, or mounted separately and connected to the receiver by a cable, as with rooftop television antennas and satellite dishes.

Radio waves from many transmitters pass through the air simultaneously without interfering with each other and are received by the antenna. These can be separated in the receiver because they have different frequencies; that is, the radio wave from each transmitter oscillates at a different rate. To separate out the desired radio signal, the bandpass filter allows the frequency of the desired radio transmission to pass through, and blocks signals at all other frequencies.

The bandpass filter consists of one or more resonant circuits (tuned circuits). The resonant circuit is connected between the antenna input and ground. When the incoming radio signal is at the resonant frequency, the resonant circuit has high impedance and the radio signal from the desired station is passed on to the following stages of the receiver. At all other frequencies the resonant circuit has low impedance, so signals at these frequencies are conducted to ground. 2b1af7f3a8